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کمک و پشتیبانی => راهنماها، نکات و ترفندها => نویسنده: aliva در 06 دی 1387، 05:03 بظ
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داشتم یه pdf در مورد ubuntu می خوندم که توش دایرکتوری های مختلف با کاربردشون تو ubuntu رو توضیح داده بود که اینه :
/: As the top-level directory of a Linux system, this directory must exist so that other directories
can be located within it.
n /bin: A directory that holds core applications used by a Linux system.
n /dev: A directory that holds special files, known as device nodes, which are used to access any
devices that are attached to your Linux system.
n /etc: A directory that holds system configuration information, contains the files that explain the
sequence of applications that execute on a Linux system as part of its boot process, and stores
configuration files for some of the applications that are executed by a Linux system.
n /lib: A directory that holds libraries of functions that can be called by other applications.
n /proc: A directory in which the Linux kernel tracks active processes and general status
information.
n /sbin: A directory containing applications that are usually executed only by the superuser.
n /sys: A directory in which the Linux kernel tracks the status of system hardware and related
hardware interfaces.
n /tmp: A directory that holds temporary files created by various applications on a running system.
n /home: A directory that holds the subdirectories where different users store their files. For exam-
ple, most (if not all) of the files owned by the user “wvh” are stored in the /home/wvh directory
(or subdirectories of that directory). The directories used by individual users to store their per-
sonal files are known as their “home directories” — this name led to user directories being stored
in /home, not the other way around. On older Unix and Unix-like systems, users’ home directo-
ries were stored under /usr (pronounced “slash user”), but are now created under /home to
simplify system upgrades.
n /opt: A directory typically used when installing third-party software. This directory takes its
name from the idea that it contains “optional” (i.e., non-system) software that may differ across
different machines.
n /usr: A directory hierarchy that contains files meant to be used by normal users as they use a
Linux system. The directory /usr/bin contains applications that users may need to execute,
/usr/lib contains libraries used by those programs, and so on.
n /var: A directory that holds other directories with variable content. For example, the directory
/var/log contains log files for system applications and events. These log files are created while
a system is running, and can grow very large over time.
منبع : Wiley Ubuntu Linux Bible June 2007
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