سلام دوست عزیز
من الان به شخصه دارم از همین روش استفاده می کنم و بر روی یک Hard Disk 2TB از سیستم عامل Live استفاده می کنم.
نکته: در مورد نصب سیستم عامل روی Hard Disk اطلاعی ندارم. چون امتحان نکردم. و از طرفی احتمال میدم که روی تمام سیستم ها کار نکند.
در این روش من Hard Disk را به 3 قسمت تقسیم کردم:
1- برای نصب GRUB و فایل های ISO سیستم عامل ها
2- فضای ذخیره اطلاعات
3- فضای ذخیره تغییرات توزیعات
حالا هر قسمت را توضیح میدم:
1- من برای اینکه بتونم از فایل های سنگینتر از 4GB هم استفاده کنم از NTFS استفاده کردم ( از Fat16/32 هم می تونی استفاده کنی، اما فایل های بیشتر از 4GB نمی تونی استفاده کنی ). و یک فضای 128GB را اختصاص دادم.
طبق آموزشی که برات میذارم از خوده Ubuntu یک GRUB نصب کن:
1- Open a terminal and type sudo su
2- Type fdisk -l (and note which device is your USB)
3- Type mkdir /mnt/USB && mount /dev/sdx1 /mnt/USB (replacing x with your actual usb device)
4- Type grub-install --force --no-floppy --boot-directory=/mnt/USB /dev/sdx (replacing x with your actual USB device)
5- Type cd /mnt/USB/grub
6- Type wget pendrivelinux.com/downloads/grub.cfgدر آخر برای ویرایش سیستم عامل ها در GRUB باید فایل grub.cfg را از پوشه grub ویرایش کنی.
منبع:
http://www.pendrivelinux.com/install-grub2-on-usb-from-ubuntu-linuxنکته: در سایت منبع آموزش اشاره شده که از Ubuntu Live استفاده کنی و در آخر فایل ISO را در پارتیشن USB شما اعمال می کنه. که من این مراحل را فیلتر کردم، چون اصلا نیازی نیست.
2- چون احتمال داره بخوای از اطلاعاتت در سیستم عامل های دیگر مثل Windows هم استفاده کنی، بهتره از NTFS استفاده کنی. من یک فضای 1.5TB را اختصاص دادم.
3- در آخر می مونه ذخیره کردن اطلاعات سیستم عامل که به Live Persistent معروف هست.
برای اینکار فقط نیاز هست که به فضای مورد نظرت نام casper-rw را اختصاص دهید و تمام.
وقتی در زمان boot کردن Ubuntu به آن persistent اضافه کنید. تمام تغییراتی که ذخیره ایجاد کنید در این فضا ذخیره میشه.
در آخر هم فایل GRUB خودمو برات میذارم، امیدوارم خوب باشه.
نکته: حتما برای خوشگلتر شدن GRUB از یک عکس پس زمینه استفاده کن. مثل:
http://magh.ir/background.jpginsmod font
if loadfont /grub/fonts/unicode.pf2 ; then
if keystatus --shift ; then true ; else
insmod gfxterm
insmod vbe
insmod vga
set gfxmode=1024x768
set gfxpayload=auto
terminal_output gfxterm
if terminal_output gfxterm ; then true ; else
terminal gfxterm
fi
insmod jpeg
if background_image /grub/background.jpg
then
set color_normal=white/black
set color_highlight=yellow/black
export color_normal
export color_highlight
else
set menu_color_normal=white/black
set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray
export menu_color_normal
export menu_color_highlight
fi
fi
fi
# Timeout for menu
set timeout=10
# Default boot entry
set default=0
set drive_label=USB_Label
export drive_label
# Boot from disk by default
menuentry "Boot from First HD (default)" {
set root=(hd0,1)
chainloader +1
}
# Boot ISOs
submenu "Ubuntu (14.04.1) >" {
submenu "Desktop AMD 64 >" {
set isofile="/ubuntu-14.04.1-desktop-amd64.iso"
loopback loop $isofile
menuentry "Live" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash noeject noprompt --
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "Live USB Persistence" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash noeject noprompt persistent --
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "Install" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash noeject noprompt only-ubiquity --
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "OEM install (for manufacturers)" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash noeject noprompt only-ubiquity oem-config/enable=true --
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "Check disc for defects" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash noeject noprompt integrity-check --
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
}
submenu "Desktop I386 >" {
set isofile="/ubuntu-14.04.1-desktop-i386.iso"
loopback loop $isofile
menuentry "Live" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash noeject noprompt --
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "Live USB Persistence" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash noeject noprompt persistent --
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "Install" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash noeject noprompt only-ubiquity --
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "OEM install (for manufacturers)" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash noeject noprompt only-ubiquity oem-config/enable=true --
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "Check disc for defects" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash noeject noprompt integrity-check --
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
}
submenu "Server AMD 64 >" {
set isofile="/ubuntu-14.04.1-server-amd64.iso"
loopback loop $isofile
menuentry "Install Ubuntu Server" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/install/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu-server.seed iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet --
initrd (loop)/install/initrd.gz
}
menuentry "OEM install (for manufacturers)" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/install/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu-server.seed iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet oem-config/enable=true --
initrd (loop)/install/initrd.gz
}
menuentry "Multiple server install with MAAS" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/install/vmlinuz iso-scan/filename=$isofile modules=maas-enlist-udeb vga=788 initrd=/install/initrd.gz quiet --
initrd (loop)/install/initrd.gz
}
menuentry "Check disc for defects" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/install/vmlinuz iso-scan/filename=$isofile MENU=/bin/cdrom-checker-menu quiet --
initrd (loop)/install/initrd.gz
}
menuentry "Rescue a broken system" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/install/vmlinuz iso-scan/filename=$isofile rescue/enable=true --
initrd (loop)/install/initrd.gz
}
}
}
submenu "Ubuntu (12.04.4) >" {
submenu "Desktop AMD 64 >" {
set isofile="/ubuntu-12.04.4-desktop-amd64.iso"
loopback loop $isofile
menuentry "Live" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash noeject noprompt --
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "Live USB Persistence" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash noeject noprompt persistent --
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "Install" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash noeject noprompt only-ubiquity --
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "OEM install (for manufacturers)" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash noeject noprompt only-ubiquity oem-config/enable=true --
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "Check disc for defects" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash noeject noprompt integrity-check --
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
}
submenu "Desktop I386 >" {
set isofile="/ubuntu-12.04.4-desktop-i386.iso"
loopback loop $isofile
menuentry "Live" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash noeject noprompt --
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "Live USB Persistence" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash noeject noprompt persistent --
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "Install" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash noeject noprompt only-ubiquity --
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "OEM install (for manufacturers)" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash noeject noprompt only-ubiquity oem-config/enable=true --
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "Check disc for defects" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash noeject noprompt integrity-check --
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
}
}
submenu "Kali Linux (1.0.9a) >" {
submenu "AMD 64 >" {
set isofile="/kali-linux-1.0.9a-amd64.iso"
loopback loop $isofile
menuentry "Live" {
bootoptions="findiso=$isofile noconfig=sudo username=root hostname=kali"
linux (loop)/live/vmlinuz boot=live $bootoptions
initrd (loop)/live/initrd.img
}
menuentry "Live (failsafe)" {
bootoptions="findiso=$isofile config memtest noapic noapm nodma nomce nolapic nomodeset nosmp nosplash vga=normal"
linux (loop)/live/vmlinuz boot=live $bootoptions
initrd (loop)/live/initrd.img
}
menuentry "Live (forensic mode)" {
bootoptions="findiso=$isofile noconfig=sudo username=root hostname=kali noswap noautomount"
linux (loop)/live/vmlinuz boot=live $bootoptions
initrd (loop)/live/initrd.img
}
menuentry "Live USB Persistence" {
bootoptions="findiso=$isofile noconfig=sudo username=root hostname=kali persistence"
linux (loop)/live/vmlinuz boot=live $bootoptions
initrd (loop)/live/initrd.img
}
menuentry "Live USB Encrypted Persistence" {
bootoptions="findiso=$isofile noconfig=sudo username=root hostname=kali persistence"
linux (loop)/live/vmlinuz boot=live persistent=cryptsetup persistence-encryption=luks $bootoptions
initrd (loop)/live/initrd.img
}
menuentry "Install" {
linux (loop)/install/vmlinuz vga=788 -- quiet
initrd (loop)/install/initrd.gz
}
}
}
submenu "BackBox (4.0) >" {
submenu "AMD 64 >" {
set isofile="/backbox-4.0-amd64.iso"
loopback loop $isofile
menuentry "Live" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash noeject noprompt --
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.gz
}
menuentry "Live USB Persistence" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash noeject noprompt persistent --
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.gz
}
menuentry "Install" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash noeject noprompt only-ubiquity --
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.gz
}
menuentry "Check disc for defects" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash noeject noprompt integrity-check --
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.gz
}
}
}
submenu "System Rescue >" {
set isofile="/systemrescuecd.iso"
loopback loop $isofile
submenu "32bit >" {
menuentry "Default boot options" {
bootoptions="isoloop=$isofile scandelay=1"
linux (loop)/isolinux/rescue32 $bootoptions
initrd (loop)/isolinux/initram.igz
}
menuentry "All files cached to memory (docache)" {
bootoptions="isoloop=$isofile docache"
linux (loop)/isolinux/rescue32 $bootoptions
initrd (loop)/isolinux/initram.igz
}
menuentry "Framebuffer console in high resolution" {
bootoptions="isoloop=$isofile nomodeset vga=791"
linux (loop)/isolinux/rescue32 $bootoptions
initrd (loop)/isolinux/initram.igz
}
menuentry "Alternative kernel with default boot options" {
bootoptions="isoloop=$isofile scandelay=1"
linux (loop)/isolinux/altker32 $bootoptions
initrd (loop)/isolinux/initram.igz
}
menuentry "Directly start the graphical environment" {
bootoptions="isoloop=$isofile dostartx"
linux (loop)/isolinux/rescue32 $bootoptions
initrd (loop)/isolinux/initram.igz
}
}
submenu "64bit >" {
menuentry "Default boot options" {
bootoptions="isoloop=$isofile scandelay=1"
linux (loop)/isolinux/rescue64 $bootoptions
initrd (loop)/isolinux/initram.igz
}
menuentry "All files cached to memory (docache)" {
bootoptions="isoloop=$isofile docache"
linux (loop)/isolinux/rescue64 $bootoptions
initrd (loop)/isolinux/initram.igz
}
menuentry "Framebuffer console in high resolution" {
bootoptions="isoloop=$isofile nomodeset vga=791"
linux (loop)/isolinux/rescue64 $bootoptions
initrd (loop)/isolinux/initram.igz
}
menuentry "Alternative kernel with default boot options" {
bootoptions="isoloop=$isofile scandelay=1"
linux (loop)/isolinux/altker64 $bootoptions
initrd (loop)/isolinux/initram.igz
}
menuentry "Directly start the graphical environment" {
bootoptions="isoloop=$isofile dostartx"
linux (loop)/isolinux/rescue64 $bootoptions
initrd (loop)/isolinux/initram.igz
}
}
submenu "System Tools >" {
menuentry "MEMTEST: Memory test using Memtest86+" {
bootoptions="-"
linux16 (loop)/bootdisk/memtestp $bootoptions
}
menuentry "NTPASSWD: Reset or edit Windows passwords" {
bootoptions="rw vga=1 initrd=/ntpasswd/scsi.cgz"
linux (loop)/ntpasswd/vmlinuz $bootoptions
initrd (loop)/ntpasswd/initrd.cgz
}
menuentry "SGD: Super Grub2 Disk" {
bootoptions="floppy raw"
linux16 (loop)/isolinux/memdisk $bootoptions
initrd16 (loop)/bootdisk/grubdisk.img
}
menuentry "FreeDOS: Clone of the MSDOS Operating System" {
bootoptions="floppy"
linux16 (loop)/isolinux/memdisk $bootoptions
initrd16 (loop)/bootdisk/freedos.img
}
menuentry "HDT: recent hardware diagnostics tool" {
bootoptions="floppy"
linux16 (loop)/isolinux/memdisk $bootoptions
initrd16 (loop)/bootdisk/hdt.img
}
menuentry "AIDA: old hardware diagnostics tool" {
bootoptions="floppy"
linux16 (loop)/isolinux/memdisk $bootoptions
initrd16 (loop)/bootdisk/aida.img
}
menuentry "GAG: Graphical Boot Manager" {
bootoptions="floppy"
linux16 (loop)/isolinux/memdisk $bootoptions
initrd16 (loop)/bootdisk/gag.img
}
menuentry "DBAN: erase all data from the disk" {
bootoptions="nuke=dwipe silent"
linux16 (loop)/bootdisk/dban.bzi $bootoptions
}
menuentry "MHDD: Low-level Hard Drive diagnostic tool" {
bootoptions="floppy"
linux16 (loop)/isolinux/memdisk $bootoptions
initrd16 (loop)/bootdisk/mhdd.img
}
}
}
menuentry "Test memory with Memtest86+" {
linux16 /memtest86+.bin
}
menuentry "DBAN" {
loopback loop /dban.iso
linux (loop)/DBAN.BZI nuke="dwipe" iso-scan/filename=/dban.iso silent --
}
menuentry "Tinycore" {
loopback loop /tinycore.iso
linux (loop)/boot/bzImage --
initrd (loop)/boot/tinycore.gz
}
menuentry "Reboot" {
reboot
}
menuentry "Poweroff" {
halt
}
موضوع: چگونه فلش درایوی با چند پارتیشین و بوت چندگانه بسازم ؟ (دفعات بازدید: 3699 بار)
